Inovasi Sistem Bisnis Sebagai Alternatif Inovasi Produk-Proses di masa Steady/Specific State
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61769/telematika.v6i1.37Keywords:
Model Proses Inovasi, Inovasi Sistem BisnisAbstract
Para peneliti telah memperhatikan pola-pola inovasi yang berhasil selama bertahun-tahun. Salah satu kerangka proses inovasi yang telah diterima secara luas adalah yang dikembangkan Utterback dan Abernathy. Menurut mereka, proses inovasi dapat digambarkan dalam tiga tahap, tahap cair (fluid phase), tahap transisi (transitional phase) dan tahap spesifik. Para ahli tersebut mendiskusikan bahwa setelah gelombang inovasi besar produk dan
proses, terjadi masa penurunan bahkan stagnant, sebelum terjadi lagi gelombang inovasi produk dan proses berikutnya. Kerangka inovasi ini melihat proses inovasi secara sekuensial, berbeda dengan pendekatan lain, yang umumnya melihat proses inovasi sebagai sebuah sistem dengan berbagai komponennya. Pada tulisan ini, diusulkan kerangka proses inovasi dengan memasukkan inovasi sistem bisnis setelah gelombang inovasi produk-proses menurun, yaitu pada tahap steady / specific. Pengamatan inovasi sistem bisnis setelah product-process life cycle dapat dilakukan pada tiga tingkatan. Tingkatan pertama adalah pada perusahaan besar (enterprise), tingkatan kedua adalah pada bisnis kecil dan menengah, dan tingkat ketiga adalah pada bisnis individu. Beberapa arah penelitian lanjutan dapat diberikan. Pertama, bagaimana menempatkan inovasi sistem bisnis sebagai bagian dari siklus produk-proses. Kedua,, bagaimana formulasi dan implementasi model ini pada ketiga tingkatan yang telah dibahas dan ketiga, bagaimana pengembangan organisasi yang dapat mengadopsi ketiga gelombang inovasi ini. Selain itu
penelitian lebih mendalam sebagai validasi kerangka yang diajukan masih terbuka.
For years researchers has been learning the patterns of succesful innovation. One of the Innovation process models that have been generally accepted is Utterback and Abernathy’s model. In this model, innovation process can be represented in three
phases, fluid phase, transitional phase, and specific/steady phase. Those experts state that after big innovation waves of product and process, there will be stagnant period, before the next innovation waves. This model approach innovation process sequentially, different with other approach, which generally see innovation process as a system with many components. In this paper, an Innovation process framework which include business system innovation after product-process innovation wvave decreased, at steady/specific phase, is proposed. The research of business system innovation after product-process life cycle can be performed at
three levels. Lfirst level is at enterprise, second is at small to medium business, and third level is at individual business. Some of future research directions are discussed. First, how to put business system innovation in product-process cycle. Second, how this can be formulated and implemented at the three levels of business, and the third, how to develop organizations so it able to adopt this model. Beside that, further research in model validation still can be explored.
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