Identifikasi Penyebab Kecelakaan Kerja dan Potensi Bahaya dengan Metode Failure Mode and Effect Analysis dan Fault Tree Analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61769/telematika.v0i0.232Keywords:
identifikasi penyebab kecelakaan kerja, FMEA, FTA, Keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja, zero accidentAbstract
PT Hino Motor Manufacturing Indonesia is a manufacturing company which it fields are assembly the components, assembly the bus and truck vehicles and export some spare parts. As a manufacturing company that assembly large vehicles, there are several potential hazard that can be fatal if it becomes an accident. Since 2014, Safety department of PT HMMI has set zero accident target, but it turns out that the number of work accidents that occure have an increasing trend until 2018. Department with the highest number of work accident is Vehicle Medium department because most of the assembly activities are conducted in there. The purpose of this study is to identify the causes of work accidents and potential hazards, so work accidents that have occured can be handled properly and not occure agan in the future, whereas the potential hazard can also be prevented before it becomes an accident. In order to identify the causes of work accidents and potential hazard in comprehensive way, the methods applied are Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) and Fault Tree Analysis (FTA). The result of FMEA implementation is the priority sequence of failure mode which has the highes Risk Priority Number (RPN) value, the work accidents type are struck down, pinched and slashed. Then that three failure modes will be analyzed again using FTA so the causes of the work accident can be traced to it’s root. Based on the comparison between the causes of work accidents from this study and the result of the investigation that have been done in PT HMMI, there are several causes of work accidents that missed during the investigation and has not been handled properly. Suggestion for handling the causes of work accident are given to decreace the risk of work accidents and to seek the zero accident target.
PT Hino Motors Manufacturing Indonesia (HMMI) merupakan perusahaan manufaktur di bidang industri perakitan komponen, perakitan kendaraan bus dan truk serta ekspor suku cadang. Sebagai perusahaan manufaktur yang memproduksi kendaraan besar, terdapat beberapa potensi bahaya yang dapat berakibat fatal jika menjadi sebuah kecelakaan kerja. Sejak tahun 2014, departemen Safety PT HMMI telah menetapkan target zero accident, namun ternyata jumlah kecelakaan kerja yang terjadi mengalami tren peningkatan hingga tahun 2018. Departemen dengan jumlah kecelakaan kerja tertinggi adalah departemen Vehicle Medium karena sebagian besar kegiatan perakitan dilakukan di departemen Vehicle Medium. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi penyebab kecelakaan kerja dan potensi bahaya, sehingga kecelakaan kerja yang sudah terjadi dapat ditangani dengan baik dan tidak terulang kembali di masa depan sedangkan potensi bahaya yang ada juga dapat dicegah sebelum menjadi sebuah kecelakaan kerja. Agar pengidentifikasian penyebab kecelakaan kerja dan potensi bahaya dapat dilakukan secara komprehensif, metode yang diterapkan adalah Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) dan Fault Tree Analysis (FTA). Hasil dari penerapan FMEA merupakan urutan prioritas dari failure mode yang memiliki nilai Risk Priority Number (RPN) tertinggi yaitu jenis kecelakaan kerja tertimpa, terjepit, dan tersayat. Selanjutnya ketiga failure mode tersebut kembali dianalisis menggunakan FTA sehingga penyebab kecelakaan kerja dapat ditelusuri hingga ke akarnya. Berdasarkan perbandingan dari penyebab kecelakaan hasil penelitian dengan hasil investigasi yang telah dilakukan di PT HMMI, terdapat beberapa penyebab kecelakaan kerja yang terlewatkan selama investigasi dan belum ditangani dengan baik. Usulan untuk penanganan diberikan guna mengurangi risiko terjadinya kecelakaan kerja dan mengupayakan target zero accident.
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